A comparative study on the identification of process failure superplasticizer modified and unmodified dispersion-crystallite cement stone structure as a matrix phase structural concrete from the viewpoint of structural mechanics of materials fracture using prototypes of type 1 and the method of acoustic emission in the age range of time from 28 days to 18 years. With the help of acoustic emission equipment to determine the parameters of acoustic emission compared series of prototypes in the band frequency range of 50-150 kHz. Record the number of pulses of ultrasonic signals N1 and N2 with the amplitudes, respectively, A1=0.05�0.50 V and A2>0.50 V, and the ratio of ultrasonic pulses N1/N2 with small and large amplitudes. According to the analysis of the experimental data presented a graph of the recorded acoustic emission parameters and the nature of the changes generated by ultrasonic acoustic emission pulses on the charts loading cement stone samples comparable series at the age of 28 and 420 days and 18 years. It is shown that the nature of changes in the emission of ultrasonic signals and parameters of acoustic emission signals prototypes can be judged not only on the impact of the material structure in the process of destruction, but also to predict the state of the fracture toughness of dispersion-crystallite structure of cement stone. The experimental dependence of the effect of age and superplasticizer modified and unmodified cement stone structure on the nature of the change and the numerical values of the acoustic parameters that characterize the process of destruction of structures of cement paste compared series of samples. The research results can be the basis of formulation and technological optimization of the cement stone structure with high toughness.

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