receiving digitalis therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of gentamicin on serum digoxin level. Methods: Twenty-four diabetic patients and patients with congestive heart failure and twelve normal healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The patients received digoxin treatment 0.25 mg/day. Gentamicin in a dose of 80 mg i.m. twice a day for 7 days was prescribed for these patients to treat chest infection. Serum digoxin and creatinine levels were determined before and after gentamicin administration. Results: Gentamicin induced a significant increase in serum digoxin level of diabetic patients and patients with congestive heart failure. Serum creatinine level increased significantly before and after i.m. injection of gentamicin. Conclusions: The present study indicated that increase serum digoxin level when combined with gentamicin should be considered a risk factor for digitalis toxicity.

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