BACKGROUND: The chosen study mainly investigates the adenomatous polyps, which play an essential role in the development of colorectal cancer. The risk of colorectal carcinogenesis can be reduced by polypectomy and close medical surveillance over patients. The importance of stem cells in the development of carcinoma is considered vital. Thus, studying the frequency and prevalence of stem cells in colorectal polyps helps more in the early detection and prevention of cancer in patients. The evaluation of stem cells in adenomatous polyps can provide clear-cut information about the development of carcinoma. METHOD: For this purpose, the study mainly aims to examine the usefulness of CD133, a stem cell marker for the accurate diagnosis of colon polyps. Previously, the colorectal polyps in 60 males and 40 females were pathologically reassessed first at Azerbaijan Medical University and then at the Pathology Department under Meram Medical Faculty. RESULTS: During the investigation, Hematoxylin - Eosin stained preparations were examined and cases with and without dysplasia were identified. CD133 stain was performed immunohistochemically to paraffin blocks of all cases and CD133 stained preparations were investigated by image analysis software and CD133 stained cells in the unit area were automatically integrated into the same image analysis system. At the end of the study, the current clinical information of the cases was reached out, the cases developed malignancy were identified. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, amid the investigation, the statistical significance of CD133 expression was detected in cases with the dysplasia and malignancy. 3 Keywords: adenomatous polyps, CD 133, colorectal polyps, dysplasia, malignancy.

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