This paper describes the acute problems of the development of the system of special-purpose organizations of applied science � State Research Centers of the Russian Federation (SRCs). It is direct and indirect government support that plays crucial role in the implementation by centers concerned of the core functions related to their R&D and innovation activities, expertise, etc. Government support, for its part, was possible due to the SRC�s special status as important elements of national research and development system. The authors set up hypotheses based on the results of the expert survey to outline the possible future directions in the development of system of benefits and preferences for SRCs. The hypotheses were tested using the techniques of mathematical statistics. The results showed the need to further stimulate the development of Russian scientific organizations, which had a special status approved by the state, by target competitive financing as a main tool.

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