This paper may be divided into three parts. The first one offers a causal, holistic analysis of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The second one approaches this conflict as a case study so that, on the one hand, it may shed some light over the need for an unbiased and effective system of collective security that would help resolve this kind of conflicts and, on the other hand, it may evince the arbitrary use of different principles when implementing measures � sanctions in particular � depending on the State or the interests at stake, with the concomitant problems it brings forward in terms of legitimacy and effectiveness of the system. Lastly, some possible lines of action for its resolution are explored. In spite of not abandoning the use of empirical and critical approaches, the study, due to its broad focus on the religious factor, adopts a mainly hermeneutic perspective.

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