The article analyzes one of the most pressing and difficult problems of the modern Russian society the conflict between a doctor and a patient. The authors study the main factors of the development of the social conflict exemplified by the doctor-patient relationship under conditions of the modernization of the healthcare and public health service for the modern Russian society. The complex approach to the research of the process of interaction between the healthcare and society and the structural and functional approach to the research of the conflict relations in the system doctor-patient constitute the methodological framework of the sociologic research. The objective and subjective reasons causing the conflict, appearing in doctor-patient relationship in the modern Russian society have been determined during the research. The authors have proved that the objective reasons include: the imperfection of the existing regulatory structure in the healthcare, the imbalance in the hierarchy of the healthcare institutions control, the low quality of the medical education of the future healthcare professionals, the wider range of commercial healthcare services, and the destructive activity of the mass media. The subjective reasons of the conflict are caused by the personal characteristics of the doctor and patient. They include: the moral and worldview disagreements, the mismatch of the doctors personal traits with his position, the deformation of the professional conscience of the doctors, the physicias low motivation to work, and the disinterest in the patient curing, which leads to the medical errors. The conclusions are proved by the empirical results of the sociological doctor-patient conflict case study. The measures to regulate the doctor-patient relationship and to decrease the social tension are suggested in the conclusion.

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