Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with X-linked recessive inheritance affecting the central nervous system and adrenal cortex. The childhood cerebral ALD occurs during the first decade of life and initial manifestations usually show up as impairments in behavioral and cognitive fields. Because of these symptoms, the diagnosis of ALD might be delayed, and even these patients may be misdiagnosed as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The neurological findings such as paresis and loss of visual function often follow the initial symptoms. In the present case, we aimed to draw attention to the difficulties in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cerebral ALD among school-aged boys.

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