The Mediterranean area is an environment with constraints drastic climate (summer drought, additional stress in littoral zone, poverty of the soils...) controlling the soil and vegetation.The objective of this study is attached to check the effect of the environmental pressures on the Pistacia lentiscus, which is a plant of the sclerophyllous Mediterranean found both in coastal and continental area in the West Algerian. This has allowed us to understand the behavior of some of the morphological and chemical characteristics of leaf material to structuring factors typical of the Mediterranean context at the local and regional levels. To study the morphological characteristics of the leaves (the number of leaves, the leaflets, the thickness of the sheets and material dry...) and the chemical properties (carbon, nitrogen) we analyzed two rank of age of 24 sheets, and each extracted row of 180 branches randomly chosen from 15 trees in a coastal forest in the West of Algeria (Yourjust) Ghazaout wilaya of Tlemcen.Through statistical analysis (ANOVA, text-independent) were compared with leavestaken from a continental forest West of Algerian (Chaabat darou) Beni Ouarsousse wilaya of Tlemcen. The results showed us that at the regional level, where the littoral footprint is important proportions of nitrogen, carbon, SLA, and the number of sheets have been significantly reduced however have noticed an increase in the number of leaflets and LT, and at the level of the age of the leaves we notice that the young leaves are characterized by a larger number with more thickness and a low number of leaflets. This study show how Pistacia lentiscus can adapt with different environments.

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