According to the program of rapid detection of resistant isolates this study was performed on the clinical MTB isolates in South of IRAN (2011 to 2013). In this study 199 clinical MTB isolates were phenotypically detected and then confirmed with molecular method by detection IS6110. Isolates were tested for drug resistance against Isoniazid(INH) and Rifampicin(RIF) by proportional method. Either isolates were tested for mutations in related target genes (inhA, katG and rpoB) response for resistant to INH and RIF. Based on conventional results, 38(19.10%) and 30 (15.07%) isolates were resistant to Isoniazid and Rifampicin respectively. In molecular detection of mutations in inhA and katG, 25 (12.56%) isolates were identified resistant to INH while according to the mutations in rpoB, 18 (9.04%) isolates were identified resistant to RIF. Based on the results it deduced that IS6110 detection is 100% responsible for identification of prevalent MTB in referred samples to our center. But the sensitivity of molecular detection of resistant isolates for INH and RIF is about 65% and 60% respectively. For this it is highly recommended that in the cases of molecular sensitive results it is better to check the samples phenotypically for confirmation.

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